Materials subsystem, material defines instead of strings, structure materials. (#8447)

The shitcode crusade begins.

code/controllers/subsystems/garbage-debug.dm

@@ -747,7 +747,6 @@
 	SearchVar(swapmaps_initialized)
 	SearchVar(swapmaps_loaded)
 	SearchVar(swapmaps_byname)
-	SearchVar(name_to_material)
 	SearchVar(minevendor_list)
 	SearchVar(total_extraction_beacons)
 	SearchVar(ore_data)

code/controllers/subsystems/initialization/misc_early.dm

@@ -21,9 +21,6 @@
 		global_hud.holomap
 	)
 
-	// This is kinda important. Set up details of what the hell things are made of.
-	populate_material_list()
-
 	// Create autolathe recipes, as above.
 	populate_lathe_recipes()
 

code/controllers/subsystems/materials.dm

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+var/datum/controller/subsystem/materials/SSmaterials
+
+/datum/controller/subsystem/materials
+	name = "Materials"
+	init_order = SS_INIT_MISC_FIRST
+	flags = SS_NO_FIRE
+
+	var/list/materials
+	var/list/materials_by_name
+
+/datum/controller/subsystem/materials/New()
+	NEW_SS_GLOBAL(SSmaterials)
+
+/datum/controller/subsystem/materials/Initialize()
+	create_material_lists()
+	. = ..()
+
+/datum/controller/subsystem/materials/proc/create_material_lists()
+	if(LAZYLEN(materials))
+		return
+
+	materials = list()
+	materials_by_name = list()
+
+	for(var/M in subtypesof(/material))
+		var/material/material = new M
+		if(material.name)
+			materials += material
+			materials_by_name[lowertext(material.name)] = material
+
+/datum/controller/subsystem/materials/proc/get_material_by_name(var/M)
+	if(!materials_by_name)
+		create_material_lists()
+	. = materials_by_name[M]
+	if(!.)
+		log_debug("Material not found: [M].")
+
+/datum/controller/subsystem/materials/proc/material_display_name(var/M)
+	var/material/material = get_material_by_name(M)
+	if(material)
+		return material.display_name