diff --git a/code/modules/mob/living/carbon/carbon.dm b/code/modules/mob/living/carbon/carbon.dm
index 91fe1caacc8..e6fe4ddbf21 100644
--- a/code/modules/mob/living/carbon/carbon.dm
+++ b/code/modules/mob/living/carbon/carbon.dm
@@ -960,36 +960,23 @@
 /// Creates body parts for this carbon completely from scratch.
 /// Optionally takes a map of body zones to what type to instantiate instead of them.
 /mob/living/carbon/proc/create_bodyparts(list/overrides)
-	var/l_arm_index_next = -1
-	var/r_arm_index_next = 0
-	for(var/obj/item/bodypart/bodypart_path as anything in bodyparts)
+	var/list/bodyparts_paths = bodyparts.Copy()
+	bodyparts = list()
+	for(var/obj/item/bodypart/bodypart_path as anything in bodyparts_paths)
 		var/real_body_part_path = overrides?[initial(bodypart_path.body_zone)] || bodypart_path
 		var/obj/item/bodypart/bodypart_instance = new real_body_part_path()
 		bodypart_instance.set_owner(src)
-		bodyparts.Remove(bodypart_path)
 		add_bodypart(bodypart_instance)
-		switch(bodypart_instance.body_part)
-			if(ARM_LEFT)
-				l_arm_index_next += 2
-				bodypart_instance.held_index = l_arm_index_next //1, 3, 5, 7...
-				on_added_hand(bodypart_instance, l_arm_index_next)
-			if(ARM_RIGHT)
-				r_arm_index_next += 2
-				bodypart_instance.held_index = r_arm_index_next //2, 4, 6, 8...
-				on_added_hand(bodypart_instance, r_arm_index_next)
 
 /// Called when a new hand is added
 /mob/living/carbon/proc/on_added_hand(obj/item/bodypart/arm/new_hand, hand_index)
 	if(hand_index > hand_bodyparts.len)
 		hand_bodyparts.len = hand_index
 	hand_bodyparts[hand_index] = new_hand
-	RegisterSignals(new_hand, list(COMSIG_QDELETING, COMSIG_BODYPART_REMOVED), PROC_REF(on_lost_hand))
 
-/// Cleans up references to an arm when it is dismembered or deleted
+/// Cleans up references to a hand when it is dismembered or deleted
 /mob/living/carbon/proc/on_lost_hand(obj/item/bodypart/arm/lost_hand)
-	SIGNAL_HANDLER
 	hand_bodyparts[lost_hand.held_index] = null
-	UnregisterSignal(lost_hand, list(COMSIG_QDELETING, COMSIG_BODYPART_REMOVED))
 
 ///Proc to hook behavior on bodypart additions. Do not directly call. You're looking for [/obj/item/bodypart/proc/try_attach_limb()].
 /mob/living/carbon/proc/add_bodypart(obj/item/bodypart/new_bodypart)
@@ -1028,7 +1015,7 @@
 	var/final_modification = 0
 	for(var/obj/item/bodypart/bodypart as anything in bodyparts)
 		final_modification += bodypart.speed_modifier
-	add_movespeed_modifier(/datum/movespeed_modifier/bodypart, final_modification)
+	add_or_update_variable_movespeed_modifier(/datum/movespeed_modifier/bodypart, update = TRUE, multiplicative_slowdown = final_modification)
 
 /mob/living/carbon/proc/create_internal_organs()
 	for(var/obj/item/organ/internal/internal_organ in organs)
diff --git a/code/modules/mob/living/carbon/human/human_update_icons.dm b/code/modules/mob/living/carbon/human/human_update_icons.dm
index 5bd16f66003..d49da7e84d6 100644
--- a/code/modules/mob/living/carbon/human/human_update_icons.dm
+++ b/code/modules/mob/living/carbon/human/human_update_icons.dm
@@ -190,7 +190,8 @@ There are several things that need to be remembered:
 		var/mutable_appearance/gloves_overlay = gloves.build_worn_icon(default_layer = GLOVES_LAYER, default_icon_file = icon_file)
 
 		var/feature_y_offset = 0
-		for (var/obj/item/bodypart/arm/my_hand as anything in hand_bodyparts)
+		//needs to be typed, hand_bodyparts can have nulls
+		for (var/obj/item/bodypart/arm/my_hand in hand_bodyparts)
 			var/list/glove_offset = my_hand.worn_glove_offset?.get_offset()
 			if (glove_offset && (!feature_y_offset || glove_offset["y"] > feature_y_offset))
 				feature_y_offset = glove_offset["y"]
diff --git a/code/modules/surgery/bodyparts/_bodyparts.dm b/code/modules/surgery/bodyparts/_bodyparts.dm
index e9d619caeb7..e4f1a7eca48 100644
--- a/code/modules/surgery/bodyparts/_bodyparts.dm
+++ b/code/modules/surgery/bodyparts/_bodyparts.dm
@@ -649,6 +649,15 @@
 	SEND_SIGNAL(src, COMSIG_BODYPART_CHANGED_OWNER, new_owner, old_owner)
 	var/needs_update_disabled = FALSE //Only really relevant if there's an owner
 	if(old_owner)
+		if(held_index)
+			old_owner.on_lost_hand(src)
+			if(old_owner.hud_used)
+				var/atom/movable/screen/inventory/hand/hand = old_owner.hud_used.hand_slots["[held_index]"]
+				if(hand)
+					hand.update_appearance()
+			old_owner.update_worn_gloves()
+		if(speed_modifier)
+			old_owner.update_bodypart_speed_modifier()
 		if(length(bodypart_traits))
 			old_owner.remove_traits(bodypart_traits, bodypart_trait_source)
 		if(initial(can_be_disabled))
@@ -664,6 +673,15 @@
 				))
 		UnregisterSignal(old_owner, COMSIG_ATOM_RESTYLE)
 	if(owner)
+		if(held_index)
+			owner.on_added_hand(src, held_index)
+			if(owner.hud_used)
+				var/atom/movable/screen/inventory/hand/hand = owner.hud_used.hand_slots["[held_index]"]
+				if(hand)
+					hand.update_appearance()
+			owner.update_worn_gloves()
+		if(speed_modifier)
+			owner.update_bodypart_speed_modifier()
 		if(length(bodypart_traits))
 			owner.add_traits(bodypart_traits, bodypart_trait_source)
 		if(initial(can_be_disabled))
diff --git a/code/modules/surgery/bodyparts/dismemberment.dm b/code/modules/surgery/bodyparts/dismemberment.dm
index 27d50b2f242..e341ecbf587 100644
--- a/code/modules/surgery/bodyparts/dismemberment.dm
+++ b/code/modules/surgery/bodyparts/dismemberment.dm
@@ -92,11 +92,8 @@
 	SEND_SIGNAL(owner, COMSIG_CARBON_REMOVE_LIMB, src, dismembered)
 	SEND_SIGNAL(src, COMSIG_BODYPART_REMOVED, owner, dismembered)
 	update_limb(dropping_limb = TRUE)
-	//limb is out and about, it can't really be considered an implant
-	bodypart_flags &= ~BODYPART_IMPLANTED
+	bodypart_flags &= ~BODYPART_IMPLANTED //limb is out and about, it can't really be considered an implant
 	owner.remove_bodypart(src)
-	if(speed_modifier)
-		owner.update_bodypart_speed_modifier()
 
 	for(var/datum/wound/wound as anything in wounds)
 		wound.remove_wound(TRUE)
@@ -125,7 +122,7 @@
 	if(!special)
 		if(phantom_owner.dna)
 			for(var/datum/mutation/human/mutation as anything in phantom_owner.dna.mutations) //some mutations require having specific limbs to be kept.
-				if(mutation.limb_req && mutation.limb_req == body_zone)
+				if(mutation.limb_req && (mutation.limb_req == body_zone))
 					to_chat(phantom_owner, span_warning("You feel your [mutation] deactivating from the loss of your [body_zone]!"))
 					phantom_owner.dna.force_lose(mutation)
 
@@ -331,15 +328,6 @@
 	moveToNullspace()
 	set_owner(new_limb_owner)
 	new_limb_owner.add_bodypart(src)
-	if(held_index)
-		new_limb_owner.on_added_hand(src, held_index)
-		if(new_limb_owner.hud_used)
-			var/atom/movable/screen/inventory/hand/hand = new_limb_owner.hud_used.hand_slots["[held_index]"]
-			if(hand)
-				hand.update_appearance()
-		new_limb_owner.update_worn_gloves()
-	if(speed_modifier)
-		new_limb_owner.update_bodypart_speed_modifier()
 
 	if(special) //non conventional limb attachment
 		for(var/datum/surgery/attach_surgery as anything in new_limb_owner.surgeries) //if we had an ongoing surgery to attach a new limb, we stop it.