Fixes carbon bodytypes not always being synchronized with bodyparts (#76522)

Fixes https://github.com/tgstation/tgstation/issues/76481
TLDR /mob/living/carbon/human/species subtypes were NOT updating their
bodytypes on spawn due to absurd and wacky carbon bodypart creation code
that meant try_attach_limb() never got called (What the FUCK?)

code/modules/mob/living/carbon/carbon.dm

@@ -995,11 +995,15 @@
 			if(!new_bodypart.bodypart_disabled)
 				set_usable_hands(usable_hands + 1)
 
+	synchronize_bodytypes()
+
 ///Proc to hook behavior on bodypart removals.  Do not directly call. You're looking for [/obj/item/bodypart/proc/drop_limb()].
 /mob/living/carbon/proc/remove_bodypart(obj/item/bodypart/old_bodypart)
 	SHOULD_NOT_OVERRIDE(TRUE)
+
 	old_bodypart.on_removal()
 	bodyparts -= old_bodypart
+
 	switch(old_bodypart.body_part)
 		if(LEG_LEFT, LEG_RIGHT)
 			set_num_legs(num_legs - 1)
@@ -1010,6 +1014,8 @@
 			if(!old_bodypart.bodypart_disabled)
 				set_usable_hands(usable_hands - 1)
 
+	synchronize_bodytypes()
+
 ///Updates the bodypart speed modifier based on our bodyparts.
 /mob/living/carbon/proc/update_bodypart_speed_modifier()
 	var/final_modification = 0

code/modules/mob/living/carbon/human/_species.dm

@@ -449,6 +449,7 @@ GLOBAL_LIST_EMPTY(features_by_species)
 
 	C.mob_biotypes = inherent_biotypes
 	C.mob_respiration_type = inherent_respiration_type
+	C.butcher_results = knife_butcher_results?.Copy()
 
 	if(old_species.type != type)
 		replace_body(C, src)
@@ -499,8 +500,10 @@ GLOBAL_LIST_EMPTY(features_by_species)
  */
 /datum/species/proc/on_species_loss(mob/living/carbon/human/C, datum/species/new_species, pref_load)
 	SHOULD_CALL_PARENT(TRUE)
+	C.butcher_results = null
 	for(var/X in inherent_traits)
 		REMOVE_TRAIT(C, X, SPECIES_TRAIT)
+
 	for(var/obj/item/organ/external/organ in C.organs)
 		organ.Remove(C)
 		qdel(organ)

code/modules/mob/living/carbon/human/species_types/monkeys.dm

@@ -50,15 +50,12 @@
 /datum/species/monkey/on_species_gain(mob/living/carbon/human/H, datum/species/old_species)
 	. = ..()
 	H.pass_flags |= PASSTABLE
-	H.butcher_results = knife_butcher_results
 	H.dna.add_mutation(/datum/mutation/human/race, MUT_NORMAL)
 	H.dna.activate_mutation(/datum/mutation/human/race)
 
-
 /datum/species/monkey/on_species_loss(mob/living/carbon/C)
 	. = ..()
 	C.pass_flags = initial(C.pass_flags)
-	C.butcher_results = null
 	C.dna.remove_mutation(/datum/mutation/human/race)
 
 /datum/species/monkey/spec_unarmedattack(mob/living/carbon/human/user, atom/target, modifiers)

code/modules/surgery/bodyparts/dismemberment.dm

@@ -133,7 +133,6 @@
 			organ.transfer_to_limb(src, phantom_owner)
 
 	update_icon_dropped()
-	synchronize_bodytypes(phantom_owner)
 	phantom_owner.update_health_hud() //update the healthdoll
 	phantom_owner.update_body()
 	phantom_owner.update_body_parts()
@@ -359,7 +358,6 @@
 	// Bodyparts need to be sorted for leg masking to be done properly. It also will allow for some predictable
 	// behavior within said bodyparts list. We sort it here, as it's the only place we make changes to bodyparts.
 	new_limb_owner.bodyparts = sort_list(new_limb_owner.bodyparts, GLOBAL_PROC_REF(cmp_bodypart_by_body_part_asc))
-	synchronize_bodytypes(new_limb_owner)
 	new_limb_owner.updatehealth()
 	new_limb_owner.update_body()
 	new_limb_owner.update_damage_overlays()
@@ -411,16 +409,6 @@
 	new_head_owner.update_body()
 	new_head_owner.update_damage_overlays()
 
-///Makes sure that the owner's bodytype flags match the flags of all of it's parts.
-/obj/item/bodypart/proc/synchronize_bodytypes(mob/living/carbon/carbon_owner)
-	var/all_limb_flags
-	for(var/obj/item/bodypart/limb as anything in carbon_owner.bodyparts)
-		for(var/obj/item/organ/external/ext_organ as anything in limb.external_organs)
-			all_limb_flags = all_limb_flags | ext_organ.external_bodytypes
-		all_limb_flags = all_limb_flags | limb.bodytype
-
-	carbon_owner.bodytype = all_limb_flags
-
 /mob/living/carbon/proc/regenerate_limbs(list/excluded_zones = list())
 	SEND_SIGNAL(src, COMSIG_CARBON_REGENERATE_LIMBS, excluded_zones)
 	var/list/zone_list = list(BODY_ZONE_HEAD, BODY_ZONE_CHEST, BODY_ZONE_R_ARM, BODY_ZONE_L_ARM, BODY_ZONE_R_LEG, BODY_ZONE_L_LEG)

code/modules/surgery/bodyparts/helpers.dm

@@ -168,7 +168,15 @@
 	if(new_bodypart)
 		new_bodypart.update_limb(is_creating = TRUE)
 
+/// Makes sure that the owner's bodytype flags match the flags of all of it's parts and organs
+/mob/living/carbon/proc/synchronize_bodytypes()
+	var/all_limb_flags = NONE
+	for(var/obj/item/bodypart/limb as anything in bodyparts)
+		for(var/obj/item/organ/external/ext_organ as anything in limb.external_organs)
+			all_limb_flags |= ext_organ.external_bodytypes
+		all_limb_flags |= limb.bodytype
 
+	bodytype = all_limb_flags
 
 /proc/skintone2hex(skin_tone)
 	. = 0

code/modules/surgery/bodyparts/parts.dm

@@ -326,13 +326,12 @@
 	max_damage = 100
 	should_draw_greyscale = FALSE
 
-/// Parent Type for arms, should not appear in game.
+/// Parent Type for legs, should not appear in game.
 /obj/item/bodypart/leg
 	name = "leg"
 	desc = "This item shouldn't exist. Talk about breaking a leg. Badum-Tss!"
 	attack_verb_continuous = list("kicks", "stomps")
 	attack_verb_simple = list("kick", "stomp")
-	bodytype = BODYTYPE_HUMANOID | BODYTYPE_MONKEY | BODYTYPE_ORGANIC
 	max_damage = 50
 	body_damage_coeff = 0.75
 	can_be_disabled = TRUE

code/modules/surgery/organs/external/_external_organ.dm

@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@
 	add_to_limb(ownerlimb)
 
 	if(external_bodytypes)
-		limb.synchronize_bodytypes(receiver)
+		receiver.synchronize_bodytypes()
 
 	receiver.update_body_parts()
 
@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@
 	ownerlimb.external_organs -= src
 	ownerlimb.remove_bodypart_overlay(bodypart_overlay)
 	if(ownerlimb.owner && external_bodytypes)
-		ownerlimb.synchronize_bodytypes(ownerlimb.owner)
+		ownerlimb.owner.synchronize_bodytypes()
 	ownerlimb = null
 	return ..()