Version 1.2

Signed-off-by: Pol Henarejos <pol.henarejos@cttc.es>

picokey/PicoKey.py

@@ -17,21 +17,18 @@
  */
 """
 
-import sys
+from typing import Optional
+import threading
 from .APDU import APDUResponse
 from .SecureChannel import SecureChannel
-
-try:
-    from smartcard.CardType import AnyCardType
-    from smartcard.CardRequest import CardRequest
-    from smartcard.Exceptions import CardRequestTimeoutException, CardConnectionException
-except ModuleNotFoundError:
-    print('ERROR: smartcard module not found! Install pyscard package.\nTry with `pip install pyscard`')
-    sys.exit(-1)
-
 from .RescuePicoKey import RescuePicoKey
+from .RescueMonitor import RescueMonitor, RescueMonitorObserver
 from .PhyData import PhyData
 from .core import NamedIntEnum
+import usb.core
+from .core.log import get_logger
+
+logger = get_logger("PicoKey")
 
 class Platform(NamedIntEnum):
     RP2040 = 0
@@ -45,46 +42,193 @@ class Product(NamedIntEnum):
     FIDO    = 2
     OPENPGP = 3
 
-class PicoKey:
-    def __init__(self, slot=-1):
-        self.__sc = None
-        cardtype = AnyCardType()
+class ConnectionType(NamedIntEnum):
+    UNKNOWN = 0
+    SMARTCARD = 1
+    RESCUE = 2
+
+class ConnectTimeout(Exception):
+    pass
+
+def connect_with_timeout(connection, timeout=2.0):
+    result = {}
+
+    def worker():
         try:
-            # request card insertion
-            readers = None
-            if (slot >= 0):
-                readers = CardRequest().getReaders()
-                if (slot >= len(readers)):
-                    raise Exception('slot out of range')
-                readers = [readers[slot]]
-            cardrequest = CardRequest(timeout=1, cardType=cardtype, readers=readers)
-            self.__card = cardrequest.waitforcard().connection
+            connection.connect()
+            result["ok"] = True
+        except Exception as e:
+            result["error"] = e
 
-            # connect to the card and perform a few transmits
-            self.__card.connect()
+    t = threading.Thread(target=worker)
+    t.daemon = True
+    t.start()
+    t.join(timeout)
 
-        except Exception:
+    if t.is_alive():
+        raise ConnectTimeout("connection.connect() timed out")
+
+    if "error" in result:
+        raise result["error"]
+
+    return True
+
+class PicoKey:
+
+    def __init__(self, slot=-1, force_rescue=False):
+        logger.debug("Initializing PicoKey...")
+        self.__apdu = []
+        self.__connection_type = ConnectionType.UNKNOWN
+        self.__monitor = None
+        self.__observer = None
+        self.__sc = None
+        self.__card = None
+
+        if (not force_rescue):
+            from smartcard.System import readers
+            import smartcard.Exceptions
+            from smartcard.CardMonitoring import CardMonitor, CardObserver
+            logger.debug("Searching for smartcard readers...")
+            class PicoCardObserver(CardObserver):
+                def __init__(self, device):
+                    self.__device = device
+
+                def update(self, observable, actions):
+                    (added, removed) = actions
+                    if added:
+                        pass
+                    if removed:
+                        self.__device.close()
+
+            def reader_has_card(reader):
+                try:
+                    connection = reader.createConnection()
+                    connect_with_timeout(connection, timeout=1.0)
+                    return connection
+                except smartcard.Exceptions.NoCardException:
+                    return None
+                return None
+
+            logger.debug("Checking available smartcard readers...")
+            try:
+                rdrs = readers()
+            except Exception as e:
+                logger.error("Error accessing smartcard readers: " + str(e))
+                rdrs = []
+            if len(rdrs) > 0:
+                if (slot >= 0 and slot >= len(rdrs)):
+                    logger.error("Slot number out of range")
+                    raise Exception('Slot number out of range')
+
+                if (slot >= 0 and slot < len(rdrs)):
+                    logger.debug(f"Checking reader slot {slot}")
+                    reader = rdrs[slot]
+                    connection = reader_has_card(reader)
+                    if (connection is None):
+                        logger.error(f"No card in reader slot {slot}")
+                        raise Exception(f'No card in reader slot {slot}')
+                    self.__card = connection
+                else:
+                    for i, reader in enumerate(rdrs):
+                        reader = rdrs[i]
+                        connection = reader_has_card(reader)
+                        if (connection is None):
+                            continue
+                        logger.debug(f"Card found in reader slot {i}")
+                        self.__card = connection
+                        self.__connection_type = ConnectionType.SMARTCARD
+
+                        logger.debug("Setting up card monitor...")
+                        self.__monitor = CardMonitor()
+                        logger.debug("Creating card observer...")
+                        self.__observer = PicoCardObserver(self)
+                        logger.debug("Adding observer to monitor...")
+                        self.__monitor.addObserver(self.__observer)
+                        logger.debug("Observer added to monitor")
+                        break
+
+        if (self.__card is None):
+            logger.debug("Attempting to connect in rescue mode...")
+            class PicoRescueObserver(RescueMonitorObserver):
+                def __init__(self, device):
+                    self.__device = device
+
+                def update(self, actions: tuple[Optional[usb.core.Device], Optional[usb.core.Device]]):
+                    (connected, disconnected) = actions
+                    if connected:
+                        pass
+                    if disconnected:
+                        self.__device.close()
             try:
                 self.__card = RescuePicoKey()
+                logger.debug("Rescue mode card initialized")
+                self.__connection_type = ConnectionType.RESCUE
+                logger.debug("Setting up rescue monitor...")
+                self.__observer = PicoRescueObserver(self)
+                logger.debug("Creating rescue monitor...")
+                self.__monitor = RescueMonitor(device=self.__card, cls_callback=self.__observer)
             except Exception:
+                logger.error("No PicoKey device detected")
                 raise Exception('time-out: no card inserted')
-        resp, sw1, sw2 = self.select_applet(rescue=True)
         try:
+            logger.debug("Selecting applet in rescue mode...")
             resp, sw1, sw2 = self.select_applet(rescue=True)
+            logger.debug(f"Applet selected with response code: 0x{sw1:02X}{sw2:02X}")
             if (sw1 == 0x90 and sw2 == 0x00):
                 self.platform = Platform(resp[0])
                 self.product = Product(resp[1])
                 self.version = (resp[2], resp[3])
         except APDUResponse:
+            logger.error("APDU response error during applet selection")
             self.platform = Platform(Platform.RP2040)
             self.product = Product(Product.UNKNOWN)
             self.version = (0, 0)
 
-    def transmit(self, apdu):
+    @property
+    def device(self):
+        return self.__card
+
+    def has_device(self):
+        return self.__card is not None
+
+    @property
+    def connection_type(self):
+        return self.__connection_type
+
+    def close(self):
+        logger.debug("Closing device...")
+        if (not self.__card):
+            logger.debug("No device to close")
+            return
+        if isinstance(self.__card, RescuePicoKey):
+            logger.debug("Stopping rescue monitor...")
+            self.__monitor.stop()
+            self.__monitor = None
+            self.__observer = None
+            self.__card.close()
+        else:
+            logger.debug("Removing card monitor observer...")
+            self.__monitor.deleteObserver(self.__observer)
+            self.__observer = None
+            self.__monitor = None
+            logger.debug("Disconnecting and releasing card...")
+            self.__card.disconnect()
+            logger.debug("Card disconnected")
+            self.__card.release()
+        self.__card = None
+
+    def transmit(self, apdu: list[int]):
+        if (not self.__card):
+            logger.error("No device connected")
+            raise Exception('No device connected')
         response, sw1, sw2 = self.__card.transmit(apdu)
         return response, sw1, sw2
 
-    def send(self, command, cla=0x00, p1=0x00, p2=0x00, ne=None, data=None, codes=[]):
+    def send(self, command: int, cla: int = 0x00, p1: int =0x00, p2: int=0x00, ne : Optional[int] = None, data : Optional[list[int]] = None, codes : list[int] = []):
+        logger.debug(f"Sending command {hex(command)} with cla={hex(cla)}, p1={hex(p1)}, p2={hex(p2)}, ne={ne}")
+        if (not self.__card):
+            logger.error("No device connected")
+            raise Exception('No device connected')
         lc = []
         dataf = []
         if (data):
@@ -103,14 +247,21 @@ class PicoKey:
 
         apdu = apdu + [p1, p2] + lc + dataf + le
         self.__apdu = apdu
+        logger.trace(f"APDU -> {' '.join([f'{x:02X}' for x in apdu])}")
         if (self.__sc):
             apdu = self.__sc.wrap_apdu(apdu)
+            logger.trace(f"Wrapped APDU -> {' '.join([f'{x:02X}' for x in apdu])}")
 
         try:
             response, sw1, sw2 = self.__card.transmit(apdu)
-        except CardConnectionException:
+        except Exception:
+            logger.debug("Reconnecting card after transmit failure")
             self.__card.reconnect()
-            response, sw1, sw2 = self.__card.transmit(apdu)
+            try:
+                response, sw1, sw2 = self.__card.transmit(apdu)
+            except Exception as e:
+                logger.error("APDU transmission error after reconnect: " + str(e))
+                raise Exception("APDU transmission error after reconnect: " + str(e))
 
         code = (sw1<<8|sw2)
         if (sw1 != 0x90):
@@ -131,8 +282,10 @@ class PicoKey:
                 code = (sw1<<8|sw2)
             if (code not in codes and code != 0x9000):
                 raise APDUResponse(sw1, sw2)
+        logger.trace(f"Response APDU <- {' '.join([f'{x:02X}' for x in response])}, SW1={sw1:02X}, SW2={sw2:02X}")
         if (self.__sc):
             response, code = self.__sc.unwrap_rapdu(response)
+            logger.trace(f"Unwrapped RAPDU <- {' '.join([f'{x:02X}' for x in response])}, Code={code:04X}")
             if (code not in codes and code != 0x9000):
                 raise APDUResponse(code >> 8, code & 0xff)
         return bytes(response), code
@@ -144,36 +297,41 @@ class PicoKey:
 
         try:
             response, sw1, sw2 = self.__card.transmit(apdu)
-        except CardConnectionException:
+        except Exception:
+            logger.debug("Reconnecting card after transmit failure")
             self.__card.reconnect()
             response, sw1, sw2 = self.__card.transmit(apdu)
 
         return bytes(response), sw1, sw2
 
-    def open_secure_channel(self, shared, nonce, token, pbkeyBytes):
+    def open_secure_channel(self, shared: bytes, nonce: bytes, token: bytes, pbkeyBytes: bytes):
+        logger.debug("Opening secure channel")
         sc = SecureChannel(shared=shared, nonce=nonce)
         res = sc.verify_token(token, pbkeyBytes)
         if (not res):
             raise Exception('Secure Channel token verification failed')
         self.__sc = sc
 
-    def select_applet(self, rescue=False):
+    def select_applet(self, rescue : bool = False):
         if (rescue):
+            logger.debug("Selecting rescue applet")
             return self.transmit([0x00, 0xA4, 0x04, 0x04, 0x08, 0xA0, 0x58, 0x3F, 0xC1, 0x9B, 0x7E, 0x4F, 0x21, 0x00])
+        logger.debug("Selecting standard applet")
         return self.transmit([0x00, 0xA4, 0x04, 0x00, 0x0B, 0xE8, 0x2B, 0x06, 0x01, 0x04, 0x01, 0x81, 0xC3, 0x1F, 0x02, 0x01, 0x00])
 
-    def phy(self, data=None):
+    def phy(self, data : Optional[list[int]] = None):
         if (data is None):
             try:
                 resp, sw = self.send(0x1E, cla=0x80, p1=0x00, ne=256)
                 return PhyData.parse(resp)
-            except APDUResponse:
+            except Exception:
                 pass
             return None
         else:
             self.send(0x1C, cla=0x80, p1=0x01, data=data)
 
     def flash_info(self):
+        logger.debug("Retrieving flash info")
         try:
             resp, sw = self.send(0x1E, cla=0x80, p1=0x02)
             free = int.from_bytes(resp[0:4], 'big')
@@ -192,6 +350,7 @@ class PicoKey:
         }
 
     def secure_info(self):
+        logger.debug("Retrieving secure boot info")
         resp, sw = self.send(0x1E, cla=0x80, p1=0x03)
         return {
             'enabled': resp[0] != 0,
@@ -199,6 +358,7 @@ class PicoKey:
             'boot_key': resp[2]
         }
 
-    def secure_boot(self, bootkey_index=0, lock=False):
+    def secure_boot(self, bootkey_index: int = 0, lock: bool = False):
+        logger.debug(f"Setting secure boot: bootkey_index={bootkey_index}, lock={lock}")
         data = bytes([bootkey_index & 0xFF, 1 if lock else 0])
         self.send(0x1C, cla=0x80, p1=0x02, data=data)

picokey/RescueMonitor.py

@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+"""
+/*
+ * This file is part of the pypicokey distribution (https://github.com/polhenarejos/pypicokey).
+ * Copyright (c) 2025 Pol Henarejos.
+ *
+ * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as published by
+ * the Free Software Foundation, version 3.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
+ * WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
+ * Affero General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License
+ * along with this program. If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+"""
+
+from typing import Optional
+import usb.core
+import threading
+import time
+from .RescuePicoKey import RescuePicoKey
+
+class RescueMonitorObserver:
+    def __init__(self):
+        pass
+
+    def notifyObservers(self, actions: tuple[Optional[usb.core.Device], Optional[usb.core.Device]]):
+        func = getattr(self, "update", None)
+        if callable(func):
+            func(actions)
+
+    def on_connect(self, device: Optional[usb.core.Device]):
+        self.notifyObservers((device, None))
+
+    def on_disconnect(self, device: Optional[usb.core.Device]):
+        self.notifyObservers((None, device))
+
+class RescueMonitor:
+    def __init__(self, device: RescuePicoKey, cls_callback: RescueMonitorObserver, interval=0.5):
+        self._dev = device
+        self._cls_callback = cls_callback
+        self.interval = interval
+        self._running = False
+        self._device_present = False
+        self._thread = None
+        self.start()
+
+    def start(self):
+        if self._running:
+            return
+        self._running = True
+        self._thread = threading.Thread(target=self._run, daemon=True)
+        self._thread.start()
+
+    def stop(self):
+        self._running = False
+        #if self._thread:
+        #    self._thread.join()
+
+    def _run(self):
+        while self._running:
+            dev = usb.core.find(idVendor=self._dev.device.idVendor, idProduct=self._dev.device.idProduct)
+
+            if dev and not self._device_present:
+                # Device connected
+                self._device_present = True
+                if self._cls_callback:
+                    self._cls_callback.on_connect(dev)
+
+            if not dev and self._device_present:
+                # Device disconnected
+                self._device_present = False
+                if self._cls_callback:
+                    self._cls_callback.on_disconnect(self._dev.device)
+
+            time.sleep(self.interval)

picokey/RescuePicoKey.py

@@ -19,11 +19,22 @@
 
 import usb.core
 import usb.util
+import libusb_package
+import usb.backend.libusb1
 from .ICCD import ICCD
+from .core.log import get_logger
+
+logger = get_logger("RescuePicoKey")
 
 class RescuePicoKey:
 
     def __init__(self):
+        logger.debug("Initializing RescuePicoKey...")
+        self.__dev = None
+        self.__in = None
+        self.__out = None
+        self.__int = None
+        self.__active = None
 
         class find_class(object):
             def __init__(self, class_):
@@ -37,11 +48,20 @@ class RescuePicoKey:
                         return True
                 return False
 
-        devs = usb.core.find(find_all=True, custom_match=find_class(0x0B))
+        logger.debug("Searching for USB device...")
+        backend = usb.backend.libusb1.get_backend(find_library=libusb_package.find_library)
+        try:
+            devs = usb.core.find(find_all=True, custom_match=find_class(0x0B), backend=backend)
+        except Exception as e:
+            logger.error("Exception during usb.core.find: %s", e)
+            devs = []
         found = False
         for dev in devs:
             if (dev.manufacturer == 'Pol Henarejos'):
+                logger.debug("Found device")
                 dev.set_configuration()
+                logger.debug("Device configuration set")
+                logger.debug("Getting active configuration...")
                 cfg = dev.get_active_configuration()
                 for intf in cfg:
                     if (intf.bInterfaceClass == 0xFF):
@@ -58,36 +78,83 @@ class RescuePicoKey:
                         self.__in = epin.bEndpointAddress
                         self.__out = epout[0].bEndpointAddress
                         self.__int = epint.bEndpointAddress if epint else None
+                        logger.debug(f"Endpoints - IN: 0x{self.__in:02X}, OUT: 0x{self.__out:02X}, INT: {self.__int}")
                         self.__iccd = ICCD(self)
+                        logger.debug("ICCD interface initialized")
                         self.__active = None
+                        logger.debug("Powering off device")
                         self.powerOff()
+                        logger.debug("Device powered off")
                         found = True
                         break
         if (not found):
+            logger.error("No suitable device found")
             raise Exception('Not found any Pico Key device')
 
+    @property
+    def device(self):
+        return self.__dev
+
+    def close(self):
+        logger.debug("Closing device")
+        if self.__dev:
+            logger.debug("Disposing USB resources")
+            usb.util.dispose_resources(self.__dev)
+            logger.debug("Device closed")
+            self.__dev = None
+
+    def has_card(self):
+        return self.__dev is not None
+
+    def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc, tb):
+        self.close()
+
+    def __del__(self):
+        self.close()
+
     def __str__(self):
         return str(self.__dev)
 
     def read(self, timeout=2000):
+        logger.debug("Reading data from device")
         ret = self.__dev.read(self.__in, 4096, timeout)
+        logger.trace(f"Data read from device: {' '.join([f'{x:02X}' for x in ret])}")
+        logger.debug("Read data from device")
         return ret
 
     def write(self, data, timeout=2000):
+        logger.debug("Writing data to device")
+        logger.trace(f"Data to write to device: {' '.join([f'{x:02X}' for x in data])}")
         assert(self.__dev.write(self.__out, data, timeout) == len(data))
+        logger.debug("Wrote data to device")
 
     def exchange(self, data, timeout=2000):
-        self.write(data=data, timeout=timeout)
-        return self.read(timeout=timeout)
+        logger.debug("Exchanging data with device")
+        try:
+            self.write(data=data, timeout=timeout)
+        except Exception as e:
+            logger.error("USB write error: " + str(e))
+            raise Exception("USB write error: " + str(e))
+        try:
+            ret = self.read(timeout=timeout)
+        except Exception as e:
+            logger.error("USB read error: " + str(e))
+            raise Exception("USB read error: " + str(e))
+        return ret
 
     def powerOn(self):
+        logger.debug("Powering on device")
         if (not self.__active):
             self.__active = True
+            logger.debug("Device powered on")
             return self.__iccd.IccPowerOn()
 
     def powerOff(self):
+        logger.debug("Powering off device")
         if (self.__active or self.__active is None):
+            logger.debug("Device powered off")
             self.__iccd.IccPowerOff()
+            logger.debug("ICCD powered off")
             self.__active = False
 
     def transmit(self, apdu):

picokey/_version.py

@@ -18,4 +18,4 @@
  */
 """
 
-__version__ = "1.1.1"
+__version__ = "1.2"

picokey/core/enums.py

@@ -1,5 +1,25 @@
 import enum
+from typing import Union
 
 class NamedIntEnum(enum.IntEnum):
     def __str__(self):
         return self.name
+
+    def __format__(self, fmt):
+        if any(c in fmt for c in "xXod"):
+            return format(self.value, fmt)
+        return self.name
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_string(cls, value: Union[str, int]) -> "NamedIntEnum":
+        if not value:
+            return cls.UNKNOWN
+
+        value = value.strip().lower()
+
+        for member in cls:
+            if member.value == value or member.name.lower() == value:
+                return member
+
+        return cls.UNKNOWN
+

picokey/core/log.py

@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+"""
+/*
+ * This file is part of the pypicokey distribution (https://github.com/polhenarejos/pypicokey).
+ * Copyright (c) 2025 Pol Henarejos.
+ *
+ * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as published by
+ * the Free Software Foundation, version 3.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
+ * WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
+ * Affero General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License
+ * along with this program. If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+"""
+
+import os
+import logging
+
+TRACE_LEVEL = 5
+logging.addLevelName(TRACE_LEVEL, "TRACE")
+
+def trace(self, message, *args, **kwargs):
+    if self.isEnabledFor(TRACE_LEVEL):
+        self._log(TRACE_LEVEL, message, args, **kwargs)
+
+# Afegeix logger.trace()
+logging.Logger.trace = trace
+
+def get_logger(name: str):
+    env_level = os.getenv("PICOKEY_LOG", "CRITICAL").upper()
+
+    valid_levels = {
+        "TRACE": TRACE_LEVEL,
+        "DEBUG": logging.DEBUG,
+        "INFO": logging.INFO,
+        "WARNING": logging.WARNING,
+        "ERROR": logging.ERROR,
+        "CRITICAL": logging.CRITICAL,
+    }
+
+    level = valid_levels.get(env_level, logging.CRITICAL)
+
+    logger = logging.getLogger(name)
+    logger.setLevel(level)
+
+    if not logger.handlers:
+        handler = logging.StreamHandler()
+        handler.setFormatter(logging.Formatter(
+            fmt="%(asctime)s [%(levelname)s] %(name)s: %(message)s",
+            datefmt="%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"
+        ))
+        logger.addHandler(handler)
+
+    return logger
+

pyproject.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+[build-system]
+requires = ["setuptools>=61.0"]
+build-backend = "setuptools.build_meta"
+
+[project]
+name = "pypicokey"
+dynamic = ["version", "readme"]
+description = "PicoKey for Python"
+requires-python = ">=3.8"
+license = { file = "LICENSE" }
+
+authors = [
+  { name = "Pol Henarejos", email = "pol.henarejos@cttc.es" }
+]
+
+dependencies = [
+    "setuptools",
+    "cryptography>=3.3",
+    "pyusb",
+    "pycvc",
+    "pyscard>=2.3.1",
+    "libusb",
+    "libusb_package",
+]
+
+classifiers = [
+    "Development Status :: 5 - Production/Stable",
+    "Environment :: Plugins",
+    "Intended Audience :: System Administrators",
+    "License :: OSI Approved :: GNU Affero General Public License v3 or later (AGPLv3+)",
+    "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.8",
+    "Topic :: Security",
+    "Topic :: System :: Installation/Setup",
+    "Topic :: System :: Networking",
+    "Topic :: System :: Systems Administration",
+    "Topic :: Utilities",
+]
+
+[project.urls]
+Homepage = "https://github.com/polhenarejos/pypicokey"
+
+[tool.setuptools]
+packages = [
+    "picokey",
+    "picokey.core"
+]
+include-package-data = true
+
+[tool.setuptools.dynamic]
+version = { attr = "picokey._version.__version__" }
+readme = { file = "README.md" }

setup.py

@@ -37,6 +37,8 @@ INSTALL_REQUIRES = [
     'pyusb',
     'pycvc',
     'pyscard>=2.3.1',
+    'libusb',
+    'libusb_package',
 ]
 
 if sys.platform.startswith('win32'):