Better SQL prepared statements (#2474)

The system used to be of complexity O(n^2). Essentially two for loops running per every argument. Which ended up being surprisingly slow (there were instances where I saw the argument parser as using quite a lot of CPU time).

This replaces it with a more linear algorithm. It's somewhere near O(n) where n is the length of the unparsed query. Which is more stable and faaaster. This comes with two changes, however:

Parameters inside the query now have to be delimited from both sides with : (colons). The alternative to this would be to use something like $n or just assume that space marks the end of a marker. Only the former is workable, the latter would break a few queries already.
Arguments in the argument array no longer have to be prefixed by : (colons). So, while in the query you would write :thing:, you'd initialize the array of args as: list("thing" = somevar). It could be made to work without it, but eh, I think this is fine.
Argument validation is slightly weaker. What I mean by this is that with the old system, unused keys would result in an error. This is no longer a thing. Missing keys will still result in an error, however.
One more improvement: double delimiting removes an edge case where if key A partially covers key B, depending on the order, key A would mangle key B.
Updated and tested all queries that I could find. So this should be good.

code/modules/lighting/lighting_profiler.dm

@@ -20,20 +20,20 @@
 
 	var/static/DBQuery/lprof_q
 	if (!lprof_q)
-		lprof_q = dbcon.NewQuery({"INSERT INTO ss13dbg_lighting (time,tick_usage,type,name,loc_name,x,y,z) 
-		VALUES (:time,:tick_usage,:type,:name,:loc_name,:x,:y,:z);"})
+		lprof_q = dbcon.NewQuery({"INSERT INTO ss13dbg_lighting (time,tick_usage,type,name,loc_name,x,y,z)
+		VALUES (:time:,:tick_usage:,:type:,:name:,:loc_name:,:x:,:y:,:z:);"})
 
 	lprof_q.Execute(
 		list(
-			":time" = world.time,
-			":tick_usage" = world.tick_usage,
-			":type" = type,
-			":name" = name,
-			":loc_name" = locname, 
-			":x" = x,
-			":y" = y,
-			":z" = z))
-	
+			"time" = world.time,
+			"tick_usage" = world.tick_usage,
+			"type" = type,
+			"name" = name,
+			"loc_name" = locname,
+			"x" = x,
+			"y" = y,
+			"z" = z))
+
 	var/err = lprof_q.ErrorMsg()
 	if (err)
 		log_debug("lprof_write: SQL Error: [err]")